# ZZ plant (Zamioculcas zamiifolia)

Canonical: https://plantguide.ae/plants/zz-plant · Updated: 2026-09-30
Source: Ghaf Gardens (https://plantguide.ae/plants/zz-plant)

ZZ plant · also called Zanzibar gem, Eternity plant, Aroid palm  
indoor · exotic · family Araceae · grows 0.6–1.2 m tall, 0.6–1.2 m wide · slow growth  
shade · very low water need  
Ratings for Dubai (1–5, 5 is best): heat 2 · salt 1 · drought 5 · shade 5 · ease of care 5  
Uses: indoor, container

A near-indestructible houseplant for Dubai's air-conditioned rooms: it stores water in thick rhizomes, tolerates deep shade, and can go a month or more between waterings.

## About

Meet the ZZ plant, the houseplant that seems to thrive on being ignored. Its thick, upright stems carry waxy, deep green leaflets in a neat, symmetrical pattern, giving the whole plant a polished, almost artificial shine that makes it look perpetually well cared for — even when it hasn't been watered in a month.

Underground, the real story is a cluster of thick, potato-like rhizomes storing water and energy against long dry spells, which is exactly why it shrugs off Dubai's dry, air-conditioned indoor air and tolerates being genuinely forgotten far better than most houseplants. It will sit quietly in a dim hallway or a windowless office corner and simply keep going, growing slowly rather than struggling.

The mood it brings is sleek and low-effort rather than lush — glossy, structured foliage that adds real presence to a room without asking for a relationship in return, making it one of the most forgiving plants available for anyone who travels often or simply doesn't want a demanding houseplant.

ZZ plant is built for neglect. Its thick, potato-like rhizomes and waxy, glossy leaves store water and lose very little of it, so it copes with the dry air of a Dubai apartment's air conditioning better than almost any other common houseplant — university trials have grown it for over a year under nothing but low fluorescent office light and it kept producing new leaves.

It also tolerates genuinely low light better than most houseplants sold as 'low light', which makes it a good choice for a room set back from a window or behind heavily tinted glass. It still grows fastest and looks glossiest in bright, indirect light, but it will not sulk or die in a dim corner the way a [fiddle-leaf fig](https://plantguide.ae/plants/fiddle-leaf-fig.md) might.

The one thing that reliably kills it is wet soil. Water only once the mix has dried out completely — roughly every 2 to 3 weeks in the warm months, and monthly or less in winter, when growth almost stops. Its rhizomes will rot in standing water far faster than the plant will ever suffer from being forgotten.

It is often marketed as a NASA-approved air purifier, which overstates the record: the ZZ plant was not one of the species tested in NASA's original 1989 Clean Air Study, and that claim is closer to marketing than documented science. Grow it for its genuinely exceptional toughness, low light tolerance and architectural glossy foliage instead — those are the real, well-supported reasons it has become one of the most popular houseplants sold in Dubai.

## Through the year

ZZ plant looks much the same across the year, which is part of its appeal indoors — there's no seasonal display to track. New glossy stems emerge fastest from around April to September, when warmth and light are most consistent, and a light monthly feed through those months supports that growth. Growth nearly stops from November to February, when watering should be cut back to monthly or even less rather than maintained on a routine schedule. As growth resumes in spring, it's worth checking leaf joints for mealybugs, the plant's main pest risk, before new growth makes them harder to spot.

| When | What | Note |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Apr–Sep | New growth: New glossy stems emerge | Fastest growth in the warmer months. |
| Apr–Sep | Feed: Light monthly feed | Growing season only. |
| Nov–Feb | Dormant: Growth nearly stops | Water only when the soil is completely dry, which may mean once a month or less — slower growth in winter is normal, not a sign of a problem. |
| Mar–May | Pest watch: Check leaf joints for mealybugs | As growth resumes in spring. |

## Care in Dubai

- **Watering in summer:** Water only once the mix has dried out completely, roughly every 2–3 weeks; ZZ plant stores water in its thick rhizomes and tolerates being forgotten far better than being overwatered.
- **Watering in winter:** Once a month, or less, is usually enough as growth slows right down.
- **Soil:** A free-draining potting mix, ideally with added perlite; always use a pot with a drainage hole.
- **Feeding:** A light monthly feed during the warmer growing months; none needed in winter.
- **Pruning:** Remove any yellowing stems at the base; otherwise needs almost no pruning.
- **Planting:** Repot in spring only when clearly root-bound; it grows slowly and dislikes being disturbed often.
- **Pests and problems:** Mealybugs; Scale insects
- **Toxicity:** Not individually listed on the ASPCA's plant database. Like other aroids, its sap contains insoluble calcium oxalate crystals; NC State Extension's Plant Toolbox rates it medium toxicity to people and pets, causing mouth irritation, drooling and vomiting if chewed.

## Good and bad

**Pros**
- Tolerates genuinely low light better than most houseplants
- Extremely drought-tolerant; forgives a forgotten watering
- Copes very well with dry, air-conditioned indoor air
- Slow-growing, so it rarely outgrows a small apartment

**Cons**
- Slow-growing — not for anyone wanting quick results
- Rots quickly in wet soil; the main way to lose the plant
- Mildly toxic if chewed; keep away from pets and children
- Not adapted to Dubai's outdoor sun or summer heat

## Common mistakes

- Watering on a fixed schedule instead of checking the soil — it wants to dry out completely between waterings, and a routine schedule almost always means overwatering for a plant this drought-adapted.
- Choosing a pot with no drainage hole — without an escape route for excess water, the thick storage rhizomes sit wet and are prone to rot, undermining the plant's otherwise tough reputation.
- Repotting frequently 'to help it along' — it grows slowly and actually prefers being slightly pot-bound, so frequent repotting disturbs roots for little benefit.
- Expecting fast growth or quick size increase — it is genuinely one of the slower-growing common houseplants, and patience is part of owning one.
- Placing it in direct outdoor Dubai sun expecting it to cope like an outdoor succulent — it is an understorey plant suited to indoor or shaded conditions, and direct summer sun can scorch its leaves.

## Good to know

- Despite widespread marketing claims, ZZ plant was not one of the species tested in NASA's original 1989 Clean Air Study — any air-purifying benefit attributed to it is not supported by that specific research, whatever retailers say.
- Its thick, potato-like rhizomes are the real reason for its drought tolerance, storing water and energy the way a succulent's leaves might, rather than the leaves doing that work.
- NC State Extension's Plant Toolbox rates it medium toxicity to people and pets due to calcium oxalate crystals in its sap, causing mouth irritation, drooling and vomiting if chewed — not on the ASPCA's own plant database individually, but treated with the same caution as other aroids such as pothos.
- It is one of the slowest-growing common houseplants available, so a modestly sized specimen will comfortably suit a small apartment for years without needing to be moved to a larger pot.

## Using it in a garden

Roles: Low-light corner, Architectural accent, Container, Office planting

Place ZZ plant wherever indoor light is too low for most other houseplants to hold up — a windowless office, a dim hallway, or a room set well back from natural light. It is one of the few genuinely tolerant options for that kind of spot, and pairing it with a brighter-light plant elsewhere in the room avoids forcing both into the same, less-than-ideal conditions. Use a pot with real drainage and resist the temptation to water it on the same schedule as thirstier neighbouring houseplants, since overwatering is by far its biggest risk.

- [Snake plant](https://plantguide.ae/plants/snake-plant.md): Both tolerate low light and infrequent watering, making them a reliable, low-maintenance pairing for the same dim room without mismatched care needs.
- [Pothos](https://plantguide.ae/plants/pothos.md): Pothos's trailing stems add a softer, cascading form next to ZZ plant's upright, structured leaves, though pothos prefers a little more light and water.
- [Fiddle-leaf fig](https://plantguide.ae/plants/fiddle-leaf-fig.md): A fiddle-leaf fig's bold, broad leaves make a bright-light focal point elsewhere in the room, leaving ZZ plant to cover the dimmer corner neither light-hungry plant would tolerate.

## FAQ

**Can ZZ plant survive in a dark corner of my apartment?**  
Better than almost any other common houseplant — university trials have kept it producing new leaves for over a year under low fluorescent light alone. It grows faster and looks glossier in bright, indirect light, but it won't die in a dim spot.

**How often does ZZ plant need water in Dubai?**  
Roughly every 2–3 weeks when it's warm, and once a month or less in winter. Let the soil dry out completely first — overwatering and rot are by far the biggest risk, not drought.

**Is ZZ plant toxic to pets?**  
It isn't on the ASPCA's plant database, but university extension sources classify it as mildly to moderately toxic, due to calcium oxalate crystals that irritate the mouth if chewed. Treat it with the same caution as other aroids like pothos.

**Why is my ZZ plant not growing?**  
It's naturally very slow-growing, so little visible change over weeks is normal, especially in winter when growth can stop almost entirely.

**Is it true that ZZ plant is a NASA-approved air purifier?**  
No, not accurately. It was not one of the plants tested in NASA's 1989 Clean Air Study, despite that claim being widely repeated in plant marketing. It's an excellent, genuinely tough houseplant on its own merits, but the NASA air-purifying claim specifically doesn't hold up.

## Related plants

[Snake plant](https://plantguide.ae/plants/snake-plant.md) · [Pothos](https://plantguide.ae/plants/pothos.md) · [Fiddle-leaf fig](https://plantguide.ae/plants/fiddle-leaf-fig.md)

## Photos

![Zamioculcas zamiifolia (habit). Location: Maui, Lowes Garden Center Kahului](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Starr_080103-1155_Zamioculcas_zamiifolia.jpg)  
Photo: Forest & Kim Starr / CC BY 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons ([source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starr_080103-1155_Zamioculcas_zamiifolia.jpg))

![Photo d'un Zamioculcas zamiifolia cultivé. Famille des Araceae](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Zamioculcas_zamiifolia_1.jpg)  
Photo: User:WeFt / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons ([source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zamioculcas_zamiifolia_1.jpg))

## Sources

- [UF/IFAS Extension: ZZ Plant (EP480)](https://ask.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/EP480)
- [Acacia Garden Center: 10 Low-Light Indoor Plants That Thrive in Air-Conditioned Rooms](https://acaciagardencenter.com/blogs/blog/low-light-plants-air-conditioning-dubai)
- [NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox: Zamioculcas zamiifolia](https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/zamioculcas-zamiifolia/)