# Pansy (Viola × wittrockiana)

Canonical: https://plantguide.ae/plants/pansy · Updated: 2026-10-29
Source: Plant Guide (https://plantguide.ae/plants/pansy)

Pansy · بانسي  
flower · exotic · family Violaceae · grows 0.15–0.25 m tall, 0.2–0.3 m wide · moderate growth  
sun to part shade · moderate water need  
Ratings for Dubai (1–5, 5 is best): heat 1 · salt 2 · drought 1 · shade 3 · ease of care 3  
Sow or plant: Oct–Jan  
Uses: bedding, container, edible  
Garden styles: manicured, luxury

## Also known as

- **English:** Garden pansy, Lady's delight
- **Botanical synonyms:** *Viola tricolor var. hortensis*
- **Arabic (العربية):** بانسي, بنفسج مثلث الألوان (banafsaj muthallath al-alwan)
- **Malayalam (മലയാളം):** പാൻസി (Pansi)
- **Persian (فارسی):** بنفشه دورگه (banafsheh-ye dorage)

The face-marked winter flower: plant from November to December (October if you must), enjoy it to March, and clear it when April's heat arrives. Give it compost, some shade and no soggy soil.

## About

Meet the pansy, the flower with a face. Many pansies carry a dark blotch at the centre that looks, to most people, like a small face, and the French word for thought, pensée, gave the flower its name. UF/IFAS calls it a charming cold-tolerant annual to plant in winter and enjoy through spring.

It is a flower of the cool months everywhere, and in Dubai that means a short, bright season. Acacia's garden calendar has pansies planted in October and January and calls them 'in full colour' in November, and Plantsworld lists a pansy among its winter plants.

Pansies reward a little care more than most bedding. A pot by the door in November, in light afternoon shade, can go on flowering for four to six months (NC State) and be the plant visitors comment on most.

Viola × wittrockiana, the garden pansy, was developed in England in the early 1800s and is believed to descend from the wild pansy, Viola tricolor (UF/IFAS). There are more than 300 varieties. The flowers, up to 10 cm across, come in white, gold, orange, rust, rose, violet, blue and maroon; 'faced' types carry the dark blotch and 'clear-faced' types are one solid colour. The plants are low mounds, 15–25 cm tall and 25–30 cm wide.

Temperature is the whole story. UF/IFAS says pansies thrive when night air stays below 65 °F (about 18 °C), and that planting too early, while it is still hot, causes yellowing foliage and stretched stems that are more open to disease. In Dubai the mean minimum falls below 18 °C only in December (17.4 °C), January (15.3 °C) and February (16.4 °C), while October's is 25.4 °C and November's 21.1 °C. Acacia's calendar lists October and November planting, and UF/IFAS gives November or December for the warmest Florida zones, so treat November and December as the sweet spot and shade any October planting.

The plant also asks for soil and water that Dubai's sand does not offer by default. UF/IFAS wants well-drained soil with some shade, rich moist soil for bigger flowers, and a soil pH of 5.4 to 5.8, while a Dubai landscaping guide says yellow leaves with green veins are often iron deficiency caused by alkaline soil. Compost-rich beds, raised beds and pots with potting mix solve most of this. Water only when the soil has dried a little, because UF/IFAS lists crown and root rots that follow warm, wet conditions.

## Through the year

The pansy's Dubai year is a short winter. Seedlings go in from late October, though November and December suit them best, once night temperatures have fallen toward 18 °C. They flower from about November, are at their best through January and February with mean highs of 24–26 °C, and keep going into March if deadheaded and fed. As April's mean maximum reaches 33.7 °C the plants stretch, stop flowering and are cleared for summer bedding such as [Vinca](https://plantguide.ae/plants/vinca.md).

| When | What | Note |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oct–Jan | Plant: Cool-season planting window | Acacia lists October, November and January; UF/IFAS gives November or December for the warmest zones and warns against planting while it is still hot. Shade an October planting. |
| Nov–Mar | Flowers: Flowers through the cool months | Pansies can bloom for four to six months (NC State). Deadhead to prolong the display. |
| Nov–Mar | Feed: Regular feed while in flower | UF/IFAS advises fertiliser during the growing season; sand holds few nutrients, so feed lightly and often. |
| Nov–Feb | Pest watch: Root rot, slugs and aphids | Cool, damp conditions favour slugs, snails and fungal disease (Acacia). Allow the soil to dry between waterings (UF/IFAS). |
| Apr–May | Heat stress: Declines as the heat arrives | UF/IFAS: not suitable for summer. Dubai guides expect cool-season annuals to fade in April or May. |

## Care in Dubai

- **Watering in summer:** Not grown outdoors through summer; it is a cool-season annual in Dubai.
- **Watering in winter:** Water when the top few centimetres of soil have dried and keep leaves dry; UF/IFAS advises allowing the soil to dry between waterings to reduce disease.
- **While establishing:** Keep lightly moist for the first two weeks, with light shade if planted in a warm spell.
- **Soil:** Well-drained, humus-rich soil (NC State, UF/IFAS). In Dubai, mix compost into sand and consider raised beds or pots; mulch conserves moisture and insulates the roots (UF/IFAS).
- **Feeding:** A light balanced feed during the growing season (UF/IFAS), little and often because sand holds few nutrients.
- **Pruning:** Deadhead faded flowers before seed forms to extend flowering; trim lanky branches periodically once established to encourage branching (UF/IFAS).
- **Planting:** Plant healthy seedlings that are not root-bound, leggy or overgrown (UF/IFAS), from November or late October with shade, spaced about their mature width apart (NC State gives a spread of 9–12 in, 23–30 cm).
- **Pests and problems:** Aphids; Slugs and snails; Crown and root rot; Downy mildew; Leaf spots
- **Toxicity:** The ASPCA's fall-plants guide lists pansies (Viola tricolor var. hortensis) as non-toxic to pets, with its usual note that any plant material can cause mild stomach upset; its plant database has no separate pansy entry. UF/IFAS and NC State say the flowers are edible, but NC State warns that plants bought from nurseries may have been treated with systemic pesticides, so do not eat flowers from bought plants unless they are sold for eating.

## Good and bad

**Pros**
- Flowers for four to six months in the cool season (NC State)
- Colours from white and gold to violet, blue and maroon
- Suits pots, window boxes, edging and shaded beds
- Listed by the ASPCA as non-toxic to pets
- Easy to find as seedlings in the cool season

**Cons**
- Cannot take Dubai's heat: it is cleared by April or May
- Planted too early, in a hot October, it stretches and yellows
- Dislikes alkaline, free-draining sand without compost
- Crown and root rots follow overwatering; aphids and slugs also find it

## Common mistakes

- Planting in a hot October spell without shade. UF/IFAS says early planting while it is hot causes yellowing and stretched stems that invite disease.
- Keeping the soil soggy. UF/IFAS lists crown and root rots that follow warm, wet conditions, and recommends letting the soil dry between waterings.
- Planting in plain sand. It drains fast but holds few nutrients, and pansies want rich, humus-filled soil for big flowers (UF/IFAS).
- Ignoring yellow leaves with green veins. A Dubai landscaping guide links this to iron deficiency from alkaline soil, and pansies prefer an acidic pH of 5.4 to 5.8.
- Eating flowers from a bought plant. NC State warns that nursery pansies may have been treated with systemic pesticides.

## Good to know

- UF/IFAS says the flowers are edible and can garnish salads and soups, but NC State advises that nursery plants may have been treated with systemic pesticides.
- The name comes from the French pensée, thought: faced pansies have a dark blotch that resembles a small face (UF/IFAS).
- Plantsworld sells the pansy under the trade name Viola tricolor var. hortensis. English Wikipedia notes that this name is suspect and that the garden pansy is correctly Viola × wittrockiana.
- Acacia's calendar also lists violas, a related small-flowered Viola, for November planting alongside pansies.

## Using it in a garden

Roles: Container colour, Bed edging, Shaded winter bedding, Window boxes

Put pansies where they get morning sun and light afternoon shade, which UF/IFAS says helps them stay healthy, in raised beds or pots with compost-rich, free-draining mix. They are small, so plant them in drifts at the front of a bed or in a pair of pots by the entrance where their faces can be seen close up. Gulf News lists them among annuals that can endure shade or semi-shade, which makes them useful beneath a tree or beside a north-facing wall.

- [Calendula](https://plantguide.ae/plants/calendula.md): A Gulf News guide puts both under moist and cool conditions, and Acacia's calendar lists both for October and January planting.
- [Sweet alyssum](https://plantguide.ae/plants/sweet-alyssum.md): Its low, honey-scented carpet spills over the edge of a pot of pansies and is planted in the same cool-season window.
- [Petunia](https://plantguide.ae/plants/petunia.md): Petunia is the Dubai Municipality bedding staple, and the two share winter planting dates and the same water-and-feed routine.

## FAQ

**When should I plant pansies in Dubai?**  
November and December suit them best, and Acacia's Dubai calendar also lists October and January. UF/IFAS warns that planting while it is still hot causes yellowing and stretched stems, so shade an October planting.

**Why are my pansies stretching and turning yellow?**  
Most likely it was too warm when they went in. UF/IFAS says early planting in hot weather causes yellowing foliage and elongated stems. A Dubai landscaping guide also links yellow leaves with green veins to iron deficiency in alkaline soil.

**Can pansies survive a Dubai summer?**  
No. UF/IFAS says they are not suitable for summer, and Dubai guides expect cool-season annuals to fade in April or May. Replace them with heat-tolerant bedding such as vinca.

**Are pansies safe for pets?**  
The ASPCA's fall-plants guide lists pansies as non-toxic to pets, though eating any plant can cause mild stomach upset.

**Can I eat pansy flowers?**  
UF/IFAS says the flowers are edible, but NC State advises that nursery plants may have been treated with systemic pesticides, so only eat flowers grown for the purpose.

## Related plants

[Petunia](https://plantguide.ae/plants/petunia.md) · [Snapdragon](https://plantguide.ae/plants/snapdragon.md) · [Dianthus](https://plantguide.ae/plants/dianthus.md) · [Calendula](https://plantguide.ae/plants/calendula.md)

## Photos

![A deep blue-violet garden pansy (Viola × wittrockiana) with a dark blotch and a yellow eye](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Viola_%C3%97_wittrockiana_with_tight_yellow_center.jpg)  
Photo: Tim Green / CC BY 2.0 / Wikimedia Commons ([source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Viola_%C3%97_wittrockiana_with_tight_yellow_center.jpg))

![A white garden pansy with a dark violet blotch, among other pansy flowers](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Pansy_white_and_dark_violet_%28139%29.jpg)  
Photo: Vinayaraj / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons ([source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pansy_white_and_dark_violet_(139).jpg))

![Long rows of small-flowered pansies in bloom in a planted bed](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Garden_Pansy_%28Viola_x_wittrockiana%29.jpg)  
Photo: Dave Whitinger / CC BY-SA 3.0 / Wikimedia Commons ([source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Garden_Pansy_(Viola_x_wittrockiana).jpg))

![A dense planting of bright yellow pansies in flower](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Yellow_pansy_flower.jpg)  
Photo: Cloud Consciousness / CC BY-SA 4.0 / Wikimedia Commons ([source](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Yellow_pansy_flower.jpg))

## Sources

- [UF/IFAS Gardening Solutions: Pansies](https://gardeningsolutions.ifas.ufl.edu/plants/ornamentals/pansies/)
- [NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox: Viola x wittrockiana](https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/viola-x-wittrockiana/)
- [ASPCA: Which Popular Fall Plants Are Safe for Pets? (pansies)](https://www.aspca.org/news/which-popular-fall-plants-are-safe-pets)
- [Acacia Garden Center: Dubai Garden Calendar](https://acaciagardencenter.com/blogs/blog/dubai-planting-calendar)
- [Home Ease Repairs: Seasonal Garden Care Guide, Dubai Edition](https://homeaserepairs.com/seasonal-garden-care-guide-dubai-edition/)
- [Gulf News: Where to plant what (annuals for shade and for moist, cool conditions, 2006)](https://gulfnews.com/amp/story/lifestyle%2Fhome%2Fwhere-to-plant-what-1.266904)
- [Clean Deal Gardens: Seasonal Flower Planting Guide for the UAE (pansy, November to March)](https://www.cleandealgardens.com/seasonal-flower-planting-guide-for-year-round-color-in-the-uae/)
- [Wikipedia: Climate of Dubai (1991–2020 normals, Dubai International Airport)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Dubai)
- [Plantsworld: Pansy Plant - Viola Tricolor Var. Hortensis (UAE shop listing title and Winter Plants collection, checked 29 October 2026)](https://plantsworld.ae/products/pansy-viola-tricolor-var-hortensis-outdoor-flowering-plant)
- [Kew WCVP, the checklist behind POWO (read via GBIF): Viola ×wittrockiana](https://www.gbif.org/species/207867821)
- [Wikipedia: Pansy (Viola × wittrockiana)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pansy)
- [Arabic Wikipedia: بانسي](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A)
- [Malayalam Wikipedia: പാൻസി](https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF)
- [Persian Wikipedia: بنفشه دورگه](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B4%D9%87_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%87)